Kia Niro EV 2021 Maintenance User Manual

Introduction

A thorough owner’s manual that details the suggested maintenance activities, intervals, and specs is normally included with the Kia Niro EV 2021. You can keep your car in top condition by following this manual’s instructions and getting expert help when necessary. Regular tire rotations and inspections, brake system maintenance, battery health checks, fluid level inspections, and refilling are a few essential elements of Niro EV 2021 maintenance. Furthermore, it’s crucial to respond quickly to any warning lights or indicators and take care of any problems that develop.

It is recommended to have routine maintenance and inspections carried out by authorized Kia service locations, even if some maintenance activities can be completed by vehicle owners themselves. These facilities have qualified technicians on staff who are familiar with the unique requirements of the Niro EV 2021 and have access to the required tools and equipment. You can make sure that your Kia Niro EV 2021 stays in top condition, giving you safe and pleasurable driving experiences for years to come, by adhering to the prescribed maintenance instructions and leaving your car in the hands of professionals when necessary.

Maintenance

Motor room compartment
Open the hood to see the motor room compartment.

* The actual motor compartment in the vehicle may differ from the illustration.

1. Coolant reservoir
2. Brake fluid reservoir
3. Fuse box
4. Positive battery terminal
5. Negative battery terminal
6. Radiator cap
7. Windshield washer fluid reservoir

Maintenance services

You should exercise the utmost care to prevent damage to your vehicle and injury to yourself whenever performing any maintenance or inspection procedures.
Should you have any doubts concerning the inspection or servicing of your vehicle, we strongly recommend that you have an authorized Kia dealer perform this work.
An authorized Kia dealer has factory-trained technicians and genuine Kia parts to service your vehicle properly. For expert advice and quality service, see an authorized Kia dealer.
Inadequate, incomplete or insufficient servicing may result in operational problems with your vehicle that could lead to vehicle damage, an accident, or personal injury.

Owner’s responsibility
NOTICE
Maintenance Service and Record Retention are the owner’s responsibility.
You should retain documents that show proper maintenance has been performed on your vehicle in accordance with the scheduled maintenance service charts shown on the following pages. You need this information to establish your compliance with the servicing and maintenance requirements of your vehicle warranties.
Detailed warranty information is provided in your Warranty & Consumer Information manual.

Repairs and adjustments required as a result of improper maintenance or a lack of required maintenance are not covered.
We recommend you have your vehicle maintained and repaired by an authorized Kia dealer. An authorized Kia dealer meets Kia’s high service quality standards and receives technical support from Kia in order to provide you with a high level of service satisfaction.

NOTICE
NHTSA Safety Corrosion Alert
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has issued a general warning to all vehicle owners of all brands regarding the risks associated with vehicle underbody corrosion. From your initial purchase, take the following steps to prevent unsafe corrosion damage to your vehicle:

• Wash the undercarriage of your vehicle regularly during the winter and whenever your vehicle has been exposed to such salts or chemicals.
• Do a thorough washing of the undercarriage at the end of the winter.
  Use professional service technicians or governmental inspection stations to annually inspect for corrosion.
• Immediately seek an inspection of your vehicle if you become visually aware of corrosion flaking or scaling or if you become aware of a change in vehicle performance, such as soft or spongy brakes, fluids leaking, impairment of directional control, suspension noises or rattling metal straps.
• NHTSA further advises that after a vehicle is 7 years old, it is essential that you take these indicated maintenance steps to ensure that you protect yourself from unsafe corrosion conditions.

Owner maintenance precautions
Improper or incomplete service may result in problems. This section gives instructions only for the maintenance items that are easy to per-form.
As explained earlier in this section, several procedures can be done only by an authorized Kia dealer with special tools.

NOTICE
Improper owner maintenance during the warranty period may affect warranty coverage. For details, read the separate Warranty & Consumer Information manual provided with the vehicle. If you’re unsure about any servicing or maintenance procedure, have it done by an authorized Kia dealer.

WARNING
Maintenance work
Do not wear jewelry or loose clothing while working under the hood of your vehicle with ready ( ) mode. These items can become entangled in moving parts, if you must run the vehicle in the ready ( ) mode while working under the hood, make certain that you remove all jewelry (especially rings, bracelets, watches, and necklaces) and all neckties, scarves, and similar loose clothing before getting near cooling fans.

WARNING
Touching metal parts
Do not touch metal parts (including strut bars) while the vehicle is operating or hot. Doing so could result in serious bodily injury. Turn the vehicle off and wait until the metal parts cool down to perform maintenance work on the vehicle.

Owner maintenance
The following lists are vehicle checks and inspections that should be per-formed by the owner or an authorized Kia dealer at the frequencies indicated to help ensure safe, dependable operation of your vehicle.
Any adverse conditions should be brought to the attention of your dealer as soon as possible.
These Owner Maintenance Checks are generally not covered by warranties and you may be charged for labor, parts and lubricants used.
When you stop for charge

• Check the coolant level in coolant reservoir.

WARNING
When the coolant level is low, have the reservoir filled by an authorized Kia dealer by using only designated coolant water for electric vehicles. Using other types of water or anti-freeze can cause serious damage to the vehicle.

• Check the windshield washer fluid level.
  Look for low or under-inflated tires. Check if the front of the radiator and condenser are clean and not blocked with leaves, dirt or insects etc. If any of the above parts are extremely dirty or you are not sure of their condition, take your vehicle to an authorized Kia dealer.

While operating your vehicle:

• Check for vibrations in the steering wheel. Notice any increased steering effort or looseness in the steering wheel, or change in its straight-ahead position.
• Notice if your vehicle constantly turns slightly or “pulls” to one side when traveling on smooth, level road.
• When stopping, listen and check for unusual sounds, pulling to one side, increased brake pedal travel or “hard-to-push” brake pedal.
• If any slipping or changes in the operation of your transmission occurs, take your vehicle to an authorized Kia dealer.
• Check the reduction gear P (Park) function.
  Check the parking brake.
  Check for fluid leaks under your vehicle (water dripping from the air conditioning system during or after use is normal).

At least monthly:

• Check the coolant level in the coolant reservoir.
  Check the operation of all exterior lights, including the stoplights, turn signals and hazard warning flashers.
• Check the inflation pressures of all tires including the spare for tires that are worn, show uneven wear, or are damaged.
• Check for loose wheel lug nuts.

At least twice a year (i.e., every Spring and Fall):

• Check the radiator, heater and air conditioning hoses for leaks or damage.
  Check the windshield washer spray and wiper operation. Clean the wiper blades with clean cloth dampened with washer fluid.
• Check the headlight alignment.
• Check the lap/shoulder belts for wear and function.

At least once a year:

• Clean the body and door drain holes.

WARNING
When the coolant level is low, have the reservoir filled by an authorized Kia dealer by using only designated coolant water for electric vehicles. Using other types of water or anti-freeze can cause serious damage to the vehicle.

• Lubricate the door hinges and check the hood hinges.
  Lubricate the door and hood locks and latches.
  Lubricate the door rubber weatherstrips.
  Check the air conditioning system.
• Inspect and lubricate automatic
  transmission linkage and controls.
• Clean the battery and terminals. Check the brake fluid level.

Scheduled maintenance service

Follow the Normal Maintenance Schedule if the vehicle is usually
operated where none of the following conditions apply.
If any of the following conditions apply, follow the Maintenance Under Severe Usage Conditions.

• Repeated driving short distance of less than 5 miles (8 km) in nor-mal temperature or less than 10 miles (16 km) in freezing temperature.
• Extensive motor idling or low speed driving for long distances.
• Driving on rough, dusty, muddy, unpaved, graveled or salt-spread roads.
  Driving in areas using salt or other corrosive materials or in very cold weather.
• Driving in heavy dust condition.
• Driving in heavy traffic area.
  Driving on uphill, downhill, or mountain road repeatedly.
• Towing a trailer or using a camper, or roof rack.
  Driving as a patrol car, taxi, other commercial use of vehicle towing.
• Driving over 106 mph (170 km/h).  Frequently driving in stop-and-go condition.
  If your vehicle is operated in any of the prior listed conditions, you should inspect, replace or refill more frequently, using the severe usage maintenance schedule instead of the normal usage maintenance schedule.

Normal maintenance schedule – Non Turbo Models
The following maintenance services must be performed to ensure good emission control and performance. Keep receipts for all vehicle services to protect your warranty. Where both mileage and date are shown, the frequency of service is determined by whichever occurs first.
R: Replace
I: Inspect and if necessary, adjust, correct, clean or replace

Number of months or driving distance, whichever comes first

Months

12

24

36

48

60

72

84

96

108

120

132

144

156

168

180

MilesV1,000

7.5

15

22.5

30

37.5

45

52.5

60

67.5

75

82.5

90

97.5

105

112.5

KmV1,000

12

24

36

48

60

72

84

96

108

120

132

144

156

168

180

Coolant*1

Replace every 37,500 miles (60,000 km) or 36 months

Reduction gear oil

–

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

Drive shafts and boots

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Cooling system

–

–

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

I

–

Air conditioner refrigerant / compressor (if equipped)

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Climate control air filter   (if equipped)

I

R

I

R

I

R

I

R

I

R

I

R

I

R

I

Disc brakes and pads

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Brake lines, hoses and   connections

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Brake pedal

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Brake fluid

Inspect every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 12months, Replace every 60,000 miles (96,000 km) or 48 months

Steering gear rack, linkage and boots

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Suspension ball joints

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Tire (pressure & tread wear)

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

12 V Battery condition

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Rotate tires

Rotate every 7,500 miles (12,000 km)

1. When the coolant level is low, have the reservoir filled by an authorized Kia dealer by using only designated coolant water for electric vehicles. Using other types of water or antifreeze can cause serious damage to the vehicle.

Maintenance Under Severe Usage Conditions
The following items must be serviced more frequently on cars mainly used under severe driving conditions. Refer to the chart below for the appropriate maintenance intervals.
R: Replace
I: Inspect and if necessary, adjust, correct, clean or replace

Maintenance item	Maintenance operation	Maintenance intervals	Driving condition
Reduction gear oil	R	Every 80,000 miles (120,000 km)	C, D, E, G, H, I, K
Drive shaft and boots	I	Inspect more frequently depending on the condition	C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K
Climate control air filter (if equipped)	I	Inspect more frequently depending on the condition	C, D, E, F, G
Disc brakes and pads	I	Inspect more frequently depending on the condition	C, D, E, G, H
Steering gear rack, linkage and boots	I	Inspect more frequently depending on the condition	C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K
Front suspension ball joints	R	Replace more frequently depending on the condition	C, E, G

Severe Driving Conditions
A: Repeatedly driving short distance of less than 5 miles (8 km) in normal temperature or less than 10 miles (16 km) in freezing temperature. B: Extensive low speed driving for long distances.
C: Driving on rough, dusty, muddy, unpaved, graveled or salt-spread roads.
D: Driving in areas using salt or other corrosive materials or in very cold weather.
E: Driving in heavy dust condition. F: Driving in heavy traffic area.
G: Driving on uphill, downhill, or mountain roads.
H: Towing a trailer or using a camper on roof rack.
I: Driving for patrol car, taxi, commercial car or vehicle towing.
J: Driving in very cold weather.
K: Driving over 106 mph (170 km/h).
L: Frequently driving in stop-and-go conditions.

Explanation of scheduled maintenance items

The following parts require scheduled maintenance.

Cooling system
Check the cooling system components, such as the radiator, coolant reservoir, hoses and connections, coolant 3-way valve, chiller for leak-age and damage. Replace any damaged parts.

Coolant
The coolant should be changed at the intervals specified in the maintenance schedule.

Brake hoses and lines
Visually check for proper installation, chafing, cracks, deterioration and any leakage. Replace any deteriorated or damaged parts immediately.

NOTICE
NHTSA Safety Corrosion Alert
NHTSA has warned all vehicle owners of all brands that they must maintain their vehicles in a manner which will prevent brake hose and brake line failures due to corrosion when such vehicles are exposed to winter road salt and related chemicals. While serious corrosion conditions typically only manifest themselves as safety issues after 7 years of vehicle use, the corrosion process starts immediately, and thus, underbody cleaning maintenance must commence from your vehicle’s first exposure to road salts and chemicals. NHTSA urges vehicle owners to take the following steps to prevent corrosion:

1. Wash the undercarriage of your vehicle regularly throughout the winter and do a thorough washing in the spring to remove road salt and other deicing chemicals.
2. Monitor the brake system for signs of corrosion by having regular professional inspections and watching for signs of problems, including loss of brake fluid, unusual leaks and soft or spongy feel in the brake pedal.
3. Replace the entire brake pipe assembly if you find severe corrosion that causes scaling or flaking of brake components.

Brake fluid
Check the brake fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir. The level should be between “MIN” and “MAX” marks on the side of the reservoir. Use only hydraulic brake fluid con-forming to DOT 3 or DOT 4 specification.

Brake discs, pads and calipers
Check the pads for excessive wear, discs for run out and wear, and calipers for fluid leakage.

Suspension mounting bolts
Check the suspension connections for looseness or damage. Retighten to the specified torque.

Steering gear box, linkage & boots/lower arm ball joint
With the vehicle stopped and off, check for excessive free-play in the steering wheel.
Check the linkage for bends or dam-age. Check the dust boots and ball joints for deterioration, cracks, or damage. Replace any damaged parts.

Drive shafts and boots
Check the drive shafts, boots and clamps for cracks, deterioration, or damage. Replace any damaged parts and, if necessary, repack the grease.

Air conditioning refrigerant
Check the air conditioning lines and connections for leakage and damage.

Coolant

The high-pressure cooling system has a reservoir filled with year round antifreeze coolant. The reservoir is filled at the factory.
Check the antifreeze protection and coolant level at least once a year, at the beginning of the winter season, and before traveling to a colder cli-mate.

WARNING
The electric motor (cooling fan) is con-trolled by coolant temperature, refrigerant pressure and vehicle speed. It may sometimes operate even when the vehicle is not operating. Use extreme caution when working near the blades of the cooling fan so that you are not injured by a rotating fan blades. As the coolant temperature decreases, the electric motor will automatically shut off. This is a nor-mal condition.

Check the condition and connections of all cooling system hoses.

Replace any swollen or deteriorated hoses. The coolant level should be filled between F (MAX) and L (MIN) marks on the side of the coolant reservoir when motor compartment is cool. When the coolant level (in the reservoir) is low, have your vehicle inspected by an authorized Kia dealer. Use only designated cool-ant water for electric vehicles, adding other types of water or antifreeze can damage the vehicle.

Brake fluid

The brake fluid acts to transmit force to the brake when the driver depresses the brake pedal. Brake fluid must be maintained periodically to ensure that the brakes operate smoothly.

Checking the brake fluid level
Check the fluid level in the reservoir periodically. The fluid level should be between MAX and MIN marks on the side of the reservoir.

1. Before removing the reservoir cap and adding brake fluid, clean the area around the reservoir cap thoroughly to prevent brake fluid contamination.
   CAUTION
   Proper fluid
   Only use brake fluid in the brake system. Small amounts of improper fluids can cause damage to the brake system.
2. Periodically check that the fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir is between MIN and MAX. The level will fall with accumulated mileage. This is a normal condition associated with the wear of the brake linings. If the fluid level is excessively low, have the brake system checked by an authorized Kia dealer.

Use only the specified brake fluid. (Refer to “Recommended lubricants and capacities”
Never mix different types of fluid.
In the event the brake system requires frequent additions of fluid, the vehicle should be inspected by an authorized Kia dealer.
When changing and adding brake fluid, handle it carefully. Do not let it come in contact with your eyes. If brake fluid should come in contact with your eyes, immediately flush them with a large quantity of fresh tap water. Have your eyes examined by a doctor as soon as possible.

CAUTION
Brake fluid
Do not allow brake fluid to contact the vehicle’s body paint, as paint damage will result.

Brake fluid, which has been exposed to open air for an extended time should never be used as its quality cannot be guaranteed. It should be disposed of properly.

Washer fluid

Washer fluid is used when wiping the windshield of the vehicle with a windshield wiper. You should check and refill washer fluid periodically to make sure that it doesn’t run out.

Checking the washer fluid level

The reservoir is translucent so that you can check the level with a quick visual inspection.

• Check the fluid level in the washer fluid reservoir and add fluid if necessary. Plain water may be used if washer fluid is not avail-able. However, use washer solvent with antifreeze characteristics in cold climates to prevent freezing.

WARNING
Flammable Fluid
Do not allow the washer fluid to come in contact with open flames or sparks. The windshield washer fluid reservoir is flammable under certain circumstances. This can result in a fire.

WARNING
Coolant

• Do not use radiator coolant or antifreeze in the washer fluid reservoir.
  Radiator coolant can severely  obscure visibility when sprayed on the windshield and may cause loss of vehicle control.

WARNING
Windshield fluid
Do not drink the windshield washer fluid. The windshield washer fluid is poisonous to humans and animals.

Climate control air filter

The climate control air filter should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule. If the vehicle is operated in severely air-polluted cities or on dusty rough roads for a long period, it should be inspected more frequently and replaced earlier.

Inspecting and replacing climate control air filter
When you replace the climate control air filter, replace it performing the following procedure, and be careful to avoid damaging other components.

1. Open the glove box.
   
2. With the glove box open, pull the support strap (1).
   
3. Remove the climate control air filter case by pulling out both sides of the cover.
   
4. Replace the climate control air filter.
   
5. Reassemble in the reverse order of disassembly.
   When replacing the climate control air filter install it properly. Other-wise, the system may produce noise and the effectiveness of the filter may be reduced.

Wiper blades

When the wipers no longer clean adequately, the blades may be worn or cracked, and require replacement.
To prevent damage to the wiper arms or other components, do not attempt to move the wipers manually.
The use of a non-specified wiper blade could result in wiper malfunction and failure.

Blade inspection

Commercial hot waxes applied by automatic vehicle washes have been known to make the windshield difficult to clean.
Contamination of either the wind-shield or the wiper blades with foreign matter can reduce the effectiveness of the windshield wipers. Common sources of contamination are insects, tree sap, and hot wax treatments used by some commercial vehicle washes. If the blades are not wiping properly, clean both the window and the blades with a good cleaner or mild detergent, and rinse thoroughly with clean water.

CAUTION
Wiper blades
To prevent damage to the wiper blades, do not use gasoline, kerosene, paint thinner, or other sol-vents on or near them.

Replacing front windshield wiper blade
Type A

1. Raise the wiper arm and turn the wiper blade assembly to expose the plastic locking clip.
   CAUTION
   Wiper arms
   • Do not allow the wiper arm to fall against the windshield, since it may chip or crack the windshield.
   • Do not pull wiper arm forward, since it could chip the hood paint.
2. Compress the clip and slide the blade assembly downward.
   
3. Lift it off the arm.
   
4. Install the blade assembly in the reverse order of removal.

Type B

1. Raise the wiper arm.
2. Lift up the wiper blade clip. Then pull down the blade assembly and remove it.
   
3. Install the new blade assembly.
   
4. Return the wiper arm on the windshield.
5. Change POWER button to the ON position and wiper arms will return to the normal operating position.

Replacing rear window wiper blade

1. Raise the wiper arm and pull out the wiper blade assembly.
   
2. Install the new blade assembly by inserting the center part into the slot in the wiper arm until it clicks into place.
   
3. Make sure the blade assembly is installed firmly by trying to pull it slightly.

To prevent damage to the wiper arms or other components, have an authorized Kia dealer replace the wiper blade.

Battery

The battery powers the motor in order to move the vehicle as well as supplying powered in the vehicle.

For best battery service

Risk of explosion

• Keep the battery securely mounted.
  Keep the battery top clean and dry.
  Keep the terminals and connections clean, tight, and coated with petroleum jelly or terminal grease.
• Rinse any spilled electrolyte from the battery immediately with a solution of water and baking soda.
• If the vehicle is not going to be used for an extended time, dis-connect the battery cables.

WARNING
Risk of explosion

Keep lit cigarettes and all other flames or sparks away from the battery.

The battery contains hydrogen — a highly combustible gas which will explode if it comes in contact with a flame or spark.

Keep batteries out of the reach of children because batteries contain highly corrosive SULFURIC ACID and electrolytes. Do not allow battery acid to contact your skin, eyes, clothing or paint finish.

Wear eye protection when charging or working near a battery. Always provide ventilation when working in an enclosed space.

Always read the following instructions carefully when handling a battery.
If any electrolyte gets into your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water for at least 15 minutes and get immediate medical attention. If electrolyte gets on your skin, thoroughly wash the contacted area. If you feel pain or burning sensation, get medical attention immediately.

An inappropriately disposed battery can be harmful to the environment and human health. Dispose the battery according to your local law(s) or regulation.

The battery contains lead. Do not dispose of it after use. Please return the battery to an authorized Kia dealer to be recycled.
Never attempt to recharge the battery when the battery cables are connected.

WARNING
Risk of electrocution
Never touch the electrical motor while the vehicle is running. This system works with high voltage which can “zap” you.

NOTICE
If you connect unauthorized electronic devices to the battery, the battery may be discharged. Never use unauthorized devices.

WARNING
Recharging battery
Never attempt to recharge the battery when the battery cables are connected.

WARNING
Battery lead compound
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds. Wash hands after handling.

Battery recharging
Your vehicle has a maintenance-free, calcium-based battery

• If the battery becomes discharged in a short time (because, for example, the headlights or interior lights were left on while the vehicle was not in use), recharge it by slow charging (trickle) for 10 hours.
• If the battery gradually discharges because of high electric load while the vehicle is being used, recharge it at 20~30 A for two hours.

When recharging the battery, observe the following precautions:

The battery must be removed from the vehicle and placed in an area with good ventilation.

• Do not allow cigarettes, sparks, or flame near the battery.
• Watch the battery during  charging, and stop or reduce the charging rate if the battery cells begin gassing (boiling) violently or if the temperature of the electrolyte of any cell exceeds 120 /F (49 /C).
  Wear eye protection when checking the battery during charging.
  Disconnect the battery charger in the following order.

   

  1. Turn off the battery charger main switch.
  2. Unhook the negative clamp from the negative battery terminal.
  3. Unhook the positive clamp from the positive battery terminal.
• Before performing maintenance or recharging the battery, turn off all accessories and stop the vehicle.
• The negative battery cable must be removed first and installed last when the battery is disconnected.
•  
• Reset items
• The following items should be reset after the battery has been discharged or the battery has been disconnected.
  Auto up/down window (Refer to “Window opening and closing”
  Trip computer (Refer to “Trip information (Trip computer)”
• Climate control system (Refer to “Automatic climate control system”

Tires and wheels
For proper maintenance, safety, and maximum fuel economy, you must always maintain recommended tire inflation pressures and stay within the load limits and weight distribution recommended for your vehicle.

Recommended cold tire inflation pressures
All tire pressures should be checked when the tires are cold. “Cold Tires” means the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or driven less than one mile (1.6 km).
Recommended pressures must be maintained for the best ride, vehicle handling, and minimum tire wear.
For recommended inflation pressure, refer to “Tires and wheels”
All specifications (sizes and pressures) can be found on a label attached to the driver’s side center pillar.

WARNING
Tire underinflation
Inflate your tires consistent with the instructions provided in this manual. Severe underinflation (10 psi (70 kPa) or more) can lead to severe heat build-up, causing blow-outs, tread separation and other tire failures that can result in the loss of vehicle control. This risk is much higher on hot days and when driving for long periods at high speeds.

Failure to maintain specified pressure may result in excessive wear, poor handling, reduced fuel economy, deformation of tire and/or wheel, harsh ride conditions, possibility for additional damage from road hazards, or result in tire failure.

Tire pressure
Always observe the following:

• Check tire pressure when the tires are cold. (After vehicle has been parked for at least three hours or hasn’t been driven more than one mile (1.6 km) since startup.)
• Check the pressure of your spare tire each time you check the pressure of other tires.
  Never overload your vehicle. Be careful not to overload a vehicle luggage rack if your vehicle is equipped with one.
• Warm tires normally exceed recommended cold tire pressures by 4 to 6 psi (28 to 41 kPa). Do not release air from warm tires to adjust the pressure or the tires will be underinflated.

WARNING
Tire Inflation
Over inflation or underinflation can reduce tire life, adversely affect vehicle handling, and lead to sudden tire failure. This could result in loss of vehicle control and potential injury.

Checking tire inflation pressure
Check your tires once a month or more.
Use a good quality gauge to check tire pressure. You cannot tell if your tires are properly inflated simply by looking at them. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they’re underinflated.
Check the tire’s inflation pressure when the tires are cold. “Cold” means your vehicle has been sitting or at least three hours or driven no more than 1 mile (1.6 km).

1. Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem.
2. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the tire and loading information label, no further adjustment is necessary.
3. If the pressure is low, add air until you reach the recommended amount.
4. If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve.
5. Recheck the tire pressure with the tire gauge.
6. Be sure to put the valve caps back on the valve stems. They help prevent leaks by keeping out dirt and moisture.

Inspect your tires frequently for proper inflation as well as wear and damage. Always use a tire pressure gauge.
Tires with too much or too little pressure wear unevenly causing poor handling, loss of vehicle control, and sudden tire failure leading to accidents, injuries, and even death. The recommended cold tire pressure for your vehicle can be found in this manual and on the tire label located on the driver’s side center pillar.

Tire rotation
To equalize tread wear, it is recommended that the tires be rotated every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or sooner if irregular wear develops.

During rotation, check the tires for correct balance.
When rotating tires, check for uneven wear and damage. Abnormal wear is usually caused by incorrect tire pressure, improper wheel alignment, out of-balance wheels, severe braking or severe cornering. Look for bumps or bulges in the tread or side of tire. Replace the tire if you find either of these conditions. Replace the tire if fabric or cord is visible. After rotation, be sure to bring the front and rear tire pressures to specification and check lug nut tightness.
Refer to “Tires and wheels”
Disc brake pads should be inspected for wear whenever tires are rotated.

Rotate radial tires that have an asymmetric tread pattern only from front to rear and not from right to left.

WARNING
Mixing tires
Do not mix bias ply and radial ply tires under any circumstances. This may cause unusual handling characteristics.

Wheel alignment and tire balance
The wheels on your vehicle were aligned and balanced carefully at the factory to give you the longest tire life and best overall performance.
In most cases, you will not need to have your wheels aligned again. However, if you notice unusual tire wear or your vehicle pulling one way or the other, the alignment may need to be reset.
If you notice your vehicle vibrating when driving on a smooth road, your wheels may need to be rebalanced.

CAUTION
Wheel weight
Improper wheel weights can dam-age your vehicle’s aluminum wheels. Use only approved wheel weights.

Tire replacement
If the tire is worn evenly, a tread wear indicator will appear as a solid band across the tread.

This shows there is less than 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of tread left on the tire. Replace the tire when this hap-pens.
Do not wait for the band to appear across the entire tread before replacing the tire.
The ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) works by comparing the speed of the wheels. The tire size affects wheel speed. When replacing tires, all 4 tires must use the same size originally supplied with the vehicle. Using tires of a different size can cause the ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) and ESC (Electronic Stability Control) to work irregularly.
It is best to replace all four tires at the same time. If that is not possible, or necessary, then replace the two front or two rear tires as a pair. Replacing just one tire can seriously affect your vehicle’s handling.

NOTICE
We recommend that when replacing tires, use the same originally supplied with the vehicles. If not, that affects driving performance.

Wheel replacement
When replacing the metal wheels for any reason, make sure the new wheels are equivalent to the original factory units in diameter, rim width and offset.
A wheel that is not the correct size may adversely affect wheel and bearing life, braking and stopping abilities, handling characteristics, ground clearance, body-to-tire clearance, snow chain clearance, speedometer and odometer calibration, headlight aim and bumper height.

CAUTION
Wheels
Wheels that do not meet Kia specifications may fit poorly and result in damage to the vehicle or unusual handling and poor vehicle control.

Tire traction
Tire traction can be reduced if you drive on worn tires, tires that are improperly inflated or on slippery road surfaces.
Tires should be replaced when tread wear indicators appear. Slow down whenever there is rain, snow or ice on the road to reduce the possibility of losing control of the vehicle.
Tire maintenance
In addition to proper inflation, correct wheel alignment helps to decrease tire wear.
If you find a tire is worn unevenly, have your dealer check the wheel alignment.
When you have new tires installed, make sure they are balanced. This will increase vehicle ride comfort and tire life. Additionally, a tire should always be rebalanced if it is removed from the wheel.

Tire sidewall labeling
This information identifies and describes the fundamental characteristics of the tire and also provides the tire identification number (TIN) for safety standard certification.

The TIN can be used to identify the tire in case of a recall.

1. Manufacturer or brand name
   Manufacturer or Brand name is shown.
2. Tire size designation
   A tire’s sidewall is marked with a tire size designation. You will need this information when selecting replacement tires for your vehicle. The following explains what the letters and numbers in the tire size designation mean.
   Example tire size designation:
   (These numbers are provided as an example only; your tire size designator could vary depending on your vehicle.)
   P235/65R17 108T

    

   • P: Applicable vehicle type (tires  marked with the prefix “P” are intended for use on passenger vehicles or light trucks; however, not all tires have this marking).
   • 235: Tire width in millimeters.
   • 65: Aspect ratio. The tire’s section
     height as a percentage of its width.
   • R: Tire construction code (Radial).
   • 17: Rim diameter in inches.
   • 108: Load Index, a numerical code associated with the maximum load the tire can carry.
   • T: Speed Rating Symbol. See the speed rating chart in this section for additional information.

Wheel size designation
Wheels are also marked with important information that you need if you ever have to replace one. The following explains what the letters and numbers in the wheel size designation mean.
Example wheel size designation: 7.0JX17

• 7.0: Rim width in inches.
• J: Rim contour designation.
  17: Rim diameter in inches.

Tire speed ratings
The chart below lists many of the different speed ratings currently being used for passenger vehicle tires. The speed rating is part of the tire size designation on the sidewall of the tire. This symbol corresponds to that tire’s designed maximum safe operating speed.

Speed Rating Symbol	Maximum Speed
S	112 mph (180 km/h)
T	118 mph (190 km/h)
H	130 mph (210 km/h)
V	149 mph (240 km/h)
Z	Above 149 mph (240 km/h)

Checking tire life (TIN: Tire Identification Number)
Any tires that are over 6 years old, based on the manufacturing date, should be replaced by new ones. You can find the manufacturing date on the tire sidewall (possibly on the inside of the wheel), displaying the DOT Code. The DOT Code is a series of numbers on a tire consisting of numbers and English letters. The manufacturing date is designated by the last four digits (characters) of the DOT code.

DOT: XXXX XXXX OOOO
The front part of the DOT means a plant code number, tire size and tread pattern and the last four numbers indicate week and year manufactured.
For example:

DOT XXXX XXXX 1621 represents that the tire was produced in the 16th week of 2021.

WARNING
Tire age
Replace tires within the recommended time frame. Failure to replace tires as recommended can result in sudden tire failure, which could lead to a loss of control and an accident.

Tire ply composition and material
The number of layers or plies of rubber- coated fabric in the tire. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the materials in the tire, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others. The letter “R” means radial ply construction; the letter “D” means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter “B” means belted-bias ply construction.

• Maximum permissible inflation pressure
  This number is the greatest amount of air pressure that should be put in the tire. Do not exceed the maxi-mum permissible inflation pressure. Refer to the Tire and Loading Information label for recommended inflation pressure.

Maximum load rating
This number indicates the maximum load in kilograms and pounds that can be carried by the tire. When replacing the tires on the vehicle, always use a tire that has the same load rating as the factory installed tire.

Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maxi-mum section width.
For example:

• Treadwear 200
• Traction AA

Temperature A
Tires degrade over time, even when they are not being used. Regardless of the remaining tread, we recommend that tires be replaced after approximately six (6) years of nor-mal service. Heat caused by hot cli-mate or frequent high loading conditions can accelerate the aging process.

Tread wear
The tread wear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under con-trolled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one-and-a-half times (1<) as well on the government course as a tire graded 100.
The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate. These grades are molded on the side-walls of passenger vehicle tires. The tires available as standard or optional equipment on your vehicle may vary with respect to grade.

Traction – AA, A, B & C
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C. Those grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured
under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.
The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics.

Temperature -A, B & C
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B and C representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel.

Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger vehicle tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

Tire terminology and definitions
Refer to the following for detailed definitions of the terms that are found in the tire description.
Air Pressure The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on the tire. Air pressure is expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilo-pascal (kPa).
Accessory Weight This means the combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transaxle, power seats, and air conditioning.
Aspect Ratio The relationship of a tire’s height to its width.
Belt A rubber coated layer of cords that is located between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials.

Bead
The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim.

Bias Ply Tire 
A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.

Cold Tire Pressure
The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilo-pascals (kPa) before a tire has built up heat from driving.

Curb Weight
This means the weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, but without passengers and cargo.

DOT Markings A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation motor vehicle safety standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand and date of production.

GVWR Gross Vehicle Weight Rating

GAWR FRT Gross Axle Weight Rating for the Front Axle.

GAWR RR Gross Axle Weight Rating for the Rear axle.

Intended Outboard Sidewall The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle.
Kilopascal (kPa) The metric unit for air pressure.
Light truck (LT) tire A tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles.
Load ratings The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure.

Load Index
An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279 that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire.

Maximum Inflation Pressure
The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire may be inflated. The maxi-mum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall.

Maximum Load Rating
The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.

Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight
The sum of curb weight; accessory weight; vehicle capacity weight; and production options weight.

Normal Occupant Weight
The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 150 pounds (68 kg).
Occupant Distribution Designated seating positions.

Outward Facing Sidewall
The side of a asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The outward facing sidewall bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the inner facing sidewall.

Passenger (P-Metric)
Tire A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles.

Ply
A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords.

Pneumatic tire
A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load.

Production options weight
The combined weight of installed regular production options weighing over 5 lb. (2.3 kg) in excess of the standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim.

Recommended Inflation Pressure
Vehicle manufacturer’s recommended tire inflation pressure and shown on the tire placard.

Radial Ply Tire
A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.

Rim
A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated.

Sidewall
The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead.

Speed Rating
An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate.
Traction The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided.

Tread
The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.

Treadwear Indicators
Narrow bands, sometimes called “wear bars,” that show across the tread of a tire when only 2/32 inch (1.6 mm) of tread remains.

UTQGS
Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards, a tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire’s traction, temperature and treadwear. Ratings are  determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire.
Vehicle Capacity Weight
The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 150 lbs. (68 kg) plus the rated cargo and luggage load.
Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire Load on an individual tire due to curb and accessory weight plus maxi-mum occupant and cargo weight.

Vehicle Normal Load on the Tire
Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight and dividing by 2.
Vehicle Placard A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure.

All season tires
Kia specifies all season tires on some models to provide good performance for use all year round, including snowy and icy road conditions.
All season tires are identified by ALL SEASON and/or M+S (Mud and Snow) on the tire sidewall. Snow tires have better snow traction than all season tires and may be more appropriate in some areas.

Summer tires
Kia specifies summer tires on some models to provide superior performance on dry roads.
Summer tire performance is substantially reduced in snow and ice. Summer tires do not have the tire traction rating M+S (Mud and Snow) on the tire side wall. if you plan to operate your vehicle in snowy or icy conditions, Kia recommends the use of snow tires or all season tires on all four wheels.

Snow tires
If you equip your vehicle with snow tires, they should be the same size and have the same load capacity as the original tires.
Snow tires should be installed on all four wheels; otherwise, poor handling may result.
Snow tires should carry 4 psi (28 kPa) more air pressure than the pressure recommended for the standard tires on the tire label on the driver’s side of the center pillar, or up to the maximum pressure shown on the tire sidewall, which-ever is less.
Do not drive faster than 75 mph
(120 km/h) when your vehicle is equipped with snow tires.

WARNING
Do not use summer tires at temperatures below 45 /F (7 /C) or when driving on snow or ice. At temperatures below 45 /F (7 /C), summer tires can lose elasticity, and therefore traction and braking power as well. Change the tires on your vehicle to winter or all-weather tires of the same size as the standard tires of the vehicle. Both types of tires are identified by the M+S (Mud and Snow) marking. Using summer tires at very cold temperatures could cause cracks to form, thereby damaging the tires permanently.

Tire chains
Tire chains, if necessary, should be installed on the front wheels.
Be sure that the chains are installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
To minimize tire and chain wear, do not continue to use tire chains when they are no longer needed.

• When driving on roads covered with snow or ice, drive at less than 20 mph (30 km/h).
• Use the SAE “S” class or wire chains.
• If you hear noise caused by chains contacting the body, retighten the chain to avoid contact with the vehicle body.
  To prevent body damage,  retighten the chains after driving 0.3~0.6 miles (0.5~1.0 km).
• Do not use tire chains on vehicles  equipped with aluminum wheels. In unavoidable circumstance, use a wire type chain.
• Use wire chains less than 0.47 inches (12 mm) to prevent dam-age to the chain’s connection.

Radial-ply tires
Radial-ply tires provide improved tread life, road hazard resistance and smoother high speed ride.
The radial-ply tires used on this vehicle are of belted construction, and are selected to complement the ride and handling characteristics of your vehicle. Radial-ply tires have the same load carrying capacity, as bias-ply or bias belted tires of the same size, and use the same recommended inflation pressure.
Mixing of radialply tires with bias-ply or bias belted tires is not recommended. Any combinations of radial-ply and biasply or bias belted tires when used on the same vehicle will seriously deteriorate vehicle handling. The best rule to follow is: Identical radial-ply tires should always be used as a set of four.

Longer wearing tires can be more susceptible to irregular tread wear. It is very important to follow the tire rotation interval shown in this sec-tion to achieve the tread life poten-tial of these tires. Cuts and punctures in radial-ply tires are repairable only in the tread area, because of sidewall flexing. Consult your tire dealer for radialply tire repairs.

Low aspect ratio tire (if equipped)
Low aspect ratio tires, whose aspect ratio is lower than 50, are provided for sporty looks.
Because the low aspect ratio tires are optimized for handling and braking, it may be more uncomfortable to ride in and there is more noise compare with normal tires.

CAUTION
Because the sidewall of the low aspect ratio tire is shorter than the normal, the wheel and tire of the low aspect ratio tire is easier to be damaged. So, follow the instructions below.

• When driving on a rough road or off road, drive cautiously because tires and wheels may be dam-aged. And after driving, inspect tires and wheels.
• When passing over a pothole, speed bump, manhole, or curb  stone, drive slowly so that the tires and wheels are not damaged

If the tire is impacted, we recommend that you inspect the tire condition or contact an authorized Kia dealer.

• To prevent damage to the tire, inspect the tire condition and pressure every 1,900 miles (3,000 km).
• It is not easy to recognize the tire damage with your own eyes. But if there is the slightest hint of tire damage, even though you cannot see the tire damage with your own eyes, have the tire checked or replaced because the tire damage may cause air leakage from the tire.
• If the tire is damaged by driving on a rough road, off road, pothole, manhole, or curb stone, it will not be covered by the warranty.
• You can find out the tire information on the tire sidewall.

FAQs

Useful Links

View Full User Guide: Kia Niro EV 2021| Auto User Guide
Download Manuals: Owner’s Manuals and Documents | Kia